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Is Sunday School Dying a Slow Death?

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sunday-school-postcard

About a year ago, USA Today ran an article entitled:

Has the sun set on Sunday school?

After taking some time to report on the inception and original purpose of Sunday schools, the author cites a couple of reasons why Sunday school is on the decline:

1. Families are too busy.

Parents and kids, as we all know, are just too busy on weekends, with everything from professional-level sports training to eight-hour SAT prep classes (at age 12!). The institutional inertia that churches are famous for has made it difficult for them to adapt to the times.

Yep, they are. We all are. The American way of life has increased its pace dramatically (it seems) in the last decade or two. Children are more involved in extra-curricular activities, school demands, sports interests, vacations, family events, civic responsibilities, etc. In an apparent effort not to deprive their children of any and every opportunity, parents seem to be the constant initiators and ever present chauffeurs to a multitude of activities.

When I listen to parents of elementary-aged students tell me their weekly schedule, I cringe. And then I think of my own schedule: between both mine and my wife’s jobs, there is dance, piano, and school projects. Add to the list the birthday parties, sick days, community activities, and family-centered excursions, our schedule begins to look a lot like the average American pace.

Families are incredibly busy.

And then we ask them to participate in church on Sunday morning and children-centered biblical instruction (i.e. Sunday school, children’s ministry, etc.). What I am seeing on a typical Sunday isn’t people leaving the church for good, but most people are attending less. Where some families might make it to church 3 out of the 4 Sundays in a month, now those same families are making it to 1, maybe 2 Sundays a month. Some families make it even less: once every 2 or 3 months.

Why this infrequent involvement? Families are so busy and they want a break. And it becomes easy to opt out of church participation instead of the other activities of life. It’s almost as if choosing to go to church less is the easier option. Why? Because the effects of a lack of church involvement and participation aren’t seen right away. If a child skips a few weeks of wrestling or piano practice, it is much easier to see the effects right away.

That’s why this doesn’t surprise me:

Instead of a day of rest, Sunday has become just another day for over-scheduled kids to be chauffeured from sports practice to music lessons or SAT tutoring. It doesn’t help that parents themselves, so overwhelmed by life, are skipping church. ‘You would go to church, and then an hour or hour 15 minutes of Sunday school. It takes up all your morning. It felt like more of a chore for them to go, when you’re giving up some of your weekend and attending school during the week,’ says MacNeil. ‘By the time they come home, it’s 12 noon, and when you have a weekend, you want to play with your friends outside and be a kid.’

Families seem to find much needed space in their schedules by not attending church as much as before. The big problem is going to be: what happens when our families’ schedules continue to load up and run completely out of time and there is no more “space” in life (like church involvement) to borrow from?

2. Effects of the past sex abuse scandals have lingered.

Experts say that many churches are also discovering they’re paying a far heavier price for past sex scandals than they had anticipated, and that Sunday school is the latest collateral damage.

I’m not quite sure what to do with this one, but I imagine it’s more true that we realize. Parents, rightly so, are inherently suspicious of any other adult caregiver and they demand, again, rightly so, for diligent leadership and particular safeguards in place.

The mother cited above had this to say in the article:

LeeAnn MacNeil, a homemaker in McLean, Virginia, is a devout Catholic with four kids, but she has serious qualms about teacher selection at her church’s Sunday school. ‘They’re not vetted properly. That’s a valid concern in my book,’ she says. And she can speak from experience: As a Sunday school teacher for several years, she says the sign-up process ‘was done very quickly. It’s like, “Have you been in jail before?” — the generic questions, like on a job application. They don’t really check your background as much as they should when you’re dealing with young children.’

That is seriously crazy, but more than I care to admit, this is probably true in most churches. What is the average church to do? What resources do they have? What education does the caregivers have and what standards are they working off of? Probably not much.

I sometimes get caught in my own particular bubble in my church where things are done a certain way and the systems in place serve to put parents at ease. It’s easy to get complacent and forget the importance of those systems.

So for those who don’t have a proper vetting process in place, you must! And for those who do, continue to stay vigilant.

I appreciated this article. I know it’s easy for a modern media source to criticize the church. In fact, it’s becoming more and more popular to do. But I like to find the good in these kinds of reporting. It doesn’t scare me or worry me. It helps me think about real families and their real concerns and their real lives. It also reminds me of the very real dangers out there that church elders and leaders need to be aware of to protect our most precious resource: our children.

Oh, and while “Sunday school” might be dying, hunger for the word of God among God’s people will never go out of style. It hasn’t for 2,000 years and it’s not going to start now!

source USA Today
photo credit Creation Swap

Article originally published @ wesleyankids.org

1 Samuel: King Saul // What’s in the Bible?

King Saul

The Israelites had the meanest bunch of enemies they had ever seen: the Philistines. They came from the sea around 1100 BC. The Israelites were scared of the Philistines (fear). All they had to do was trust God (faith) and follow his instructions (Torah), and the LORD would take care of Israel’s enemies. The Israelites did not trust God or follow his instructions. They thought their way was better. So God gave them what they wanted:

Saul is successful

an impressive king who would lead the Israelites into battle with the Philistines and win

And this king did succeed and win…for a while.

King Saul wasn’t great at following God’s instructions. The LORD would tell Saul something to do and he would do the opposite. He was living up to Israel’s aspirations for him: doing impressive things, but in the wrong way (not God’s way). God doesn’t want his people (especially his leaders) to be impressive, but rather obedient.

Saul sins

King Saul’s disobedience resulted in the crown of kingship no longer staying in his family. It would be passed to a new leader: one who will follow God’s instructions, who is a man after God’s own heart.

You can’t serve God halfway, you’ve got to obey!

King David

God sent Samuel out to pick another king. This king would be the one who would follow God’s heart and not his own. Samuel was led to pick a young man named, David. Samuel anointed David with oil which is a sign that God was choosing David. When David was anointed the Spirit of the LORD came upon him.

David receives the Holy Spirit

The Philistines returned to fight Israel in force. This time they challenged Israel to single combat against their champion Goliath who was pretty tall and fierce. Goliath taunted the Israelites because no one was brave enough to fight him.

GoliathAnd then along comes David to bring food to his brothers. Young David heard Goliath’s taunts to God’s people and to God himself. David, filled with courage and the Holy Spirit, stepped up against Goliath and defeated him!

David’s unlikely victory over Goliath made him an overnight hero!

The rest of 1 Samuel (after chapter 17) is the story of two kings chosen by God duking it out.

King Saul made David a leader of his army and because the Spirit of the LORD was with David, he had great success. Saul started getting jealous of David’s growing accomplishments. Saul’s heart was full of hate toward David. Saul tried many times to kill David, but he was never successful. There were two times when David had the opportunity to kill Saul, but he wouldn’t kill someone God had chosen.

When David was running from King Saul’s many attempts on his life, great men started to run with him: his mighty men. Pretty soon, David had his own army running with him. They even took time to save different cities in Israel when they were attacked by other natives to the land of Canaan.

After about eight years of chasing David around trying to kill him, King Saul and his son, Jonathan (a close friend of David’s), were killed in a battle with the Philistines.

This is where the first book of Samuel ends.

Do you want to be part of God’s rescue plan? Do you want to be one of God’s heroes?

Then we need to learn more about David…

David and the Holy Spirit

1 Samuel: Prophet Samuel and the Israelites Want a King // What’s in the Bible?

Review

  • A long time ago God created man and woman.
  • We fell, we sinned, we ignored God and went our own way.
  • With the stain of sin on us we had to leave God and live on our own (we all earned death).
  • But, God has a rescue plan (to save us from the punishment we deserve).
  • God gave 3 promises to Abraham: 1) his kids would be a great nation, Israel (a people), 2) they would have their own land, Canaan (a place), and 3) through them God would bless the whole world (a blessing).
  • Through the people of Israel God’s rescue plan could save everyone!

There have been some interesting people involved in God’s rescue plan:

  • Abraham :: see above
  • Moses :: took God’s people out of slavery in Egypt and took them to the edge of the Promised Land (Canaan).
  • Joshua :: he took the people of Israel into the Promised Land and they finally got their own land.
  • Judges :: 250 years where Israel didn’t really have a leader at all. There were leaders called judges who rose up to rescue the Israelites when they cried out to God for help. They forgot all about God’s instructions to be holy (set apart for God) because they served idols.
  • Ruth :: the love story that illustrates how Israel is going to get a godly king.

1 Samuel

Is Samuel God’s godly king? No.

If Samuel isn’t the godly king, who is he? Samuel is the last of Israel’s judges. He is also a prophet (someone God uses to deliver messages to people).

Samuel

God used Samuel to find and help Israel’s king. Samuel finds King David. Not at first. David was just a kid. Israel got impatient and wanted a king sooner (as in now).

Why were the Israelites in such a rush to get a king? Because of a new enemy in town: the Philistines.

Who are the Philistines?

The Philistines are a group of people who arrived in Canaan around 1100 BC from the sea. Archaeologists today think they came from the island of Crete. They were good at making weapons from iron, which was a new technology at the time.

Philistines

The Israelites tried to take care of the Philistines on their own and the got beat. The LORD could help them, but they tried on their own. That’s why they wanted a king. They thought they would do better if they had a human king who was impressive to them. Kind of crazy to think this human king could be more impressive and better than God!

Saul is chosen

God gave them what they were asking for: a king. God had Samuel pick a guy named Saul who was really tall and impressive. Saul was Israel’s first king. He was pretty successful at fighting the Philistines and winning. Israel, God’s people, were happy:

the king God gave them was working!

Saul is successful

Dear Parents: Here’s Some Language You Can Use with Your Children

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I just sent this letter to the parents of our Followers students regarding what happened with the story we interacted with this past Monday. Followers is an after-school program that Hayward Wesleyan Church does every other Monday after school with grades K-5. You can read more about Followers here.

Dear parents of Followers students,

This whole school year, the students, leaders and I have been interacting with the stories in the book of 1 Samuel in the Bible. It started out as an experiment to see if ancient stories connected with young children even if I didn’t mention that they were from the Bible. I told them that these stories were old stories (about 3,500 years old) and take place in the Middle East. I’ve also been using stick figures and graphics to sort of visually progress through the story each week. The students have responded really well to these stories. About 4 or 5 stories in I had to reference other parts of the Bible to help make sense of one of the stories, so then it became more explicit where I got these stories. But most of the kids knew that they were Bible stories.

What happened this past Monday?

This past Monday we did the story of Samuel and Saul in 1 Samuel chapter 15. It’s only 35 verses total and is really worth a read. When you read it think about conversations and arguments you have with your children (or even with other adults, in fact!). Pay close attention to Samuel’s reaction to what Saul did as well as the LORD’s words to Saul. Pay even closer attention to the way Saul responds. You’ll see your children (sometimes) in the way Saul responds! Out of one side of his mouth Saul says that he obeyed what the LORD said, and the other side of his mouth he says that he didn’t! It’s crazy!!

When we did this story with the Followers students (all grades K-5), they were weirded out by Saul’s response. They were like:

“Saul totally did wrong, but he won’t admit it!”

They all said,

“He’s lying!”

“Perhaps,” I said. But I shared with them that I didn’t think Saul was lying… Saul thought he was telling the truth. But there is obviously something wrong with Saul’s reality.

The whole book of 1 Samuel is written to compare and contrast King Saul and the next emerging king, young David. I pulled out a lego block and a piece of playdough. I pointed to the lego block and said that Saul’s heart is hard. It is not soft. Saul is not allowing God or anyone else (Samuel) to mold and shape his heart. It is hard. The next king, David, is going to have a soft heart. Then I pointed to the playdough. This man’s heart is soft. When he does something wrong (and David surely makes his share of sins), he does two things:

  1. He owns his problem; he admits to doing something wrong (he doesn’t blame someone else or deflect)
  2. He says that he is sorry

What God is looking for in human beings are those with soft hearts. When you do something wrong, get caught and get in trouble, how do you respond? Do you blame someone else? Do you deflect or minimize what you did? Or do you admit that you did something wrong and say you’re sorry?

I asked the students,

“If you continually respond with a hard heart to correction, can God work with you? Can God mold you?”

I was holding the lego block when I asked this all the while trying to bend it and break it. They said,

“No.”

I then asked the students,

“Can God work with someone who has a soft heart and admits when they are wrong and says they are sorry?”

I was holding the playdough when I asked this question.

“Yes,”

they said.

“So be careful how you respond when you make mistakes or sin, because how you respond either makes your heart softer, or your heart harder.”

The more you respond well when either bad or good things happen will determine how moldable your heart is in life. It starts when you are a child. How soft is your heart?

Why I’m emailing you?

Parents, I wanted to email you what we did this week because I think it can really help you at home with your children. As parents we are on the front lines with our children, aren’t we? Every single day and multiple times a day we are confronting our children with things they both did right and things they did wrong. What sets our children on a healthy and productive trajectory in life is how they respond to correction. Do they respond with a hard heart? Or do they respond with a soft heart?

The question even gets directed at us as adults as well, doesn’t it? When we respond to circumstances in life, do we respond with hard hearts and blame and deflect on others or make excuses? Or do we own our mistakes and sin and say that we are sorry? To our spouses, co-workers, friends, enemies, children, other families? Our children are like hawks and they watch how we respond to other people. We are teaching our children how to live life by the way we live life (and we aren’t saying a word to them).

So, ask your kids about what they learned in Followers this past Monday. Ask them what they remember. Then make it common language in your home.

“Do you have a hard heart right now?”

Or,

“I’m so proud that you’re heart is soft! Way to go!!”

Have fun!!

// Jeremy
hwcYouth Pastor

Photo credit: FreeImages.com/hdido dgs

Ruth // What’s in the Bible?

Review of Judges:

source YouTube

Cycle of Apostasy

Cycle-of-Sin

  1. Israelites would abandon God and worship idols.
  2. God would send them an oppressor to punish his people.
  3. The Israelites would cry out the the LORD for help.
  4. God would raise up a Judge to rescue his people.
  5. The Judge would drive out the oppressor and rescue God’s people.
  6. The Israelites would worship and serve the LORD only.

Each time the Israelites went around the cycle, their spiritual condition got worse and worse.

Summary of Judges:

Judges is a miserable book where the Israelites forget about God and do some terrible things.

The Book of Ruth

Ruth is the 8th book of the Bible and it tells just one story about a Moabite woman named Ruth. It’s one of the great romance stories in the Bible!

Ruth-8-Bible

Story of Ruth

Ruth is a Moabite who married an Israelite who had moved to her country (Moab) because of a famine (no food) in Israel. Ruth’s husband dies in Moab and, Naomi’s, her mother-in-law, husband dies as well.  Naomi decides to go back to Israel (her home country) and Ruth wants to go with her:

“Your people will be my people, and your God will be my God.”

Ruth-and-Naomi

Once they were back in Israel, Ruth went after the workers in the fields to pick up pieces of grain that had fallen to the ground. This process was called “gleaning.” Gleaning was a practice that was built into the nation of Israel that helped take care of the poor. Workers in the fields could not pick up grain that fell on the ground because that was to be left for those who were poor.

Ruth-gleaning

Ruth was working/gleaning in a field which was owned by a wealthy man named Boaz. Boaz was related to Naomi’s former husband. Boaz hears about how Ruth is taking care of her mother-in-law and what she has done in living in a land not her own. Boaz falls in love with Ruth. Boaz and Ruth get married and Boaz takes care of Naomi.

Ruth-and-Boaz-love

It’s an amazing story of love and sacrifice… especially amidst an environment like the Judges where all kinds of bad things were happening.

What’s the point?

Why is the story of Ruth in the Bible?

What does it have to do with God’s rescue plan?

  1. It is an example of redemption. Redemption means to save someone by paying their debt. Ruth and Naomi were in a terrible state and Boaz wanted to help them. In order to do that he had to buy the land of Naomi’s former husband in order to marry Ruth. Boaz redeemed them! The story of Ruth gives us hope that someone will pay our debt, too! We can be redeemed!
  2. Boaz-redeems-Ruth

  3. Israel needs a king. Remember the story of Judges? Israel needs a king who will lead them well and represent God well. Where will this king come from? Ruth and Boaz get married and have a son named Obed. Obed eventually has a son named Jesse. Jesse has a son named David. David is the godly king Israel has been waiting for!
  4. Ruth-relation-David

Summary of the book of Ruth:

“The book of Ruth tells us the story of the beginning of the godly family that would give Israel its godly king.” – Clive

Beyond David, the godly king Israel was waiting for, will come a redeemer in the kingly line of David that will pay the debt for all of humanity… JESUS.

Judges // What’s in the Bible?

Review of Genesis thru Joshua

  1. God made people to be close to him (Genesis 1-2).
  2. But our bad choices has broken God’s creation and brought death into the world (Genesis 3).
  3. God wants to rescue us from sin and death (Genesis 3:15).
  4. God picks a group of people to be part of his rescue plan (Genesis 12).
  5. This group of people is to be holy, which means set apart for God (Exodus 19, Leviticus).
  6. Through the holy nation, Israel, God was going to bless the entire world (Exodus 19).
  7. God desires to redeem his creation, which means to buy it back, to free it.
  8. God wants things to go back to the way they were in the beginning.
  9. The 12 tribes make up the holy group of people called Israel who are defined by a particular set of laws to follow that set them apart from all the other nations around them (Leviticus, Deuteronomy).
  10. The 12 tribes are occupying a piece of land called Canaan after their rescue from Egypt (Joshua). This is the promised land.

What’s so special about that piece of land?

The promised land was in the middle of three continents: Africa, Asia, and Europe. Travellers had to pass through this piece of land to get between the continents and people in Israel could access all the continents as well.

Land of Israel between Africa Asia Europe

Judges

During this time, Israel had leaders that would rise up and help the people when they got in trouble. These leaders were called Judges, and there were 12 of them:

List-of-Judges

  1. Othniel
  2. Ehud
  3. Shamgar
  4. Deborah
  5. Gideon
  6. Tola
  7. Jair
  8. Jephtha
  9. Ibzon
  10. Elon
  11. Abdon
  12. Samson

Funny video about the Judges:

source YouTube

What did the Judges actually do?

Joshua died at the end of the book of Joshua and Israel wouldn’t have a centralized leader for 250 years. In fact, God was supposed to be their leader.

What happens when there is no leader? The people get a little bit mischievous… for 250 years.

At the end of the book of Joshua, the Israelites were to root out any remaining inhabitants in the land of Canaan. It was the duty of each tribe to take care of this task in their own territory. Well, the book of Judges is about what happens as a result of the Israelites not completing their assignment to drive out the remaining people in the land. They are led astray by their false gods.

The Israelites get stuck in the cycle of apostasy. Apostasy means to walk away from what you believe, to abandon your belief.

Cycle of Apostasy

  1. Israelites would abandon God and worship idols.
  2. God would send them an oppressor to punish his people.
  3. The Israelites would cry out the the LORD for help.
  4. God would raise up a Judge to rescue his people.
  5. The Judge would drive out the oppressor and rescue God’s people.
  6. The Israelites would worship and serve the LORD only.

Cycle-of-Sin

Each time the Israelites went around the cycle, their spiritual condition got worse and worse.

Judges is a miserable book where it shows God’s set apart (holy) people not obeying or being different (set apart, holy) than every other nation around them. Judges shows the need for godly leadership, otherwise:

“In those days there was no king in Israel. Everyone did what was right in his own eyes” (Judges 21:25 ESV)

This Is My Family’s Working Discipleship Plan

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I received this email from a children’s pastor a few weeks ago and I’d been thinking about how to respond. Here is the email:

Hi Jeremy,

I was reading your post at Kidzmatter on Have You Ever Thought About a Discipleship Plan for Your Family?
That is a very good question you ask and it’s true… I don’t have one.

What would such a plan look like?
Could you give me some guideline on where I should start?

Thank you for your help.

Here was my response:

Thanks for reaching out and asking such an important and valuable question. The working answers to this should be readily available to any and all “pastors” or so it should seem 🙂

I wonder if the church has become interested in too many programs or trying to reach “more people” (which isn’t at all bad), and have lost the basics about what it’s supposed to be doing… which is “making disciples.” Making disciples should be the inherent goal, which will lead to more people. We have to be faithful with doing the basics of the gospel and trust that God will lead us to draw more and more people as He sees fit.

But I digress 🙂

Here is my family’s working discipleship plan:

Personal discipleship. I need to be growing in the LORD. I need to be so saturated in the WORD of God and in prayer and in community with other believers that I am believing the gospel and being challenged to live out such kingdom-centered through minute-by-minute repentance. Only if I have a deep well of faith and dependence on the Spirit do I have anything to offer my family (wife and children)… and, for that matter, shepherding God’s people as a pastor.

Marriage engagement. I’m assuming my spouse is growing in “personal discipleship” as well, so that means when the two of come together as a married couple, this is, what Paul refers to as, a profound mystery, but he’s talking about Christ and the church. Somehow and someway, my marriage (anyone’s marriage) is a living metaphor (or the physical manifestation of a spiritual reality) of the relationship between Jesus Christ and the church, which is his body. My wife and I get to engage in mutual edification, serving one another, sacrificing for one another, loving one another, laying down my self-centeredness for the sake of loving my spouse, etc. The maturing of our marriage relationship through conversation, dates, intimacy, events, milestones, traveling, parenting, peer relationships, mutual encouragement, etc challenges us both to grow deeper in relationship with Christ personally as well as the mystery of corporate, one flesh, Christ and the church dynamic.

Parenting children. We have two children… two daughters. Discipleship engagement with them looks like growing in my relationship with the LORD personally and corporately in my marriage so there is an environment where faith is modeled and caught, rather than merely just taught. Most “family ministry discipleship” plans seem to center around action things (the activity of doing) instead of the essence of the gospel (allowing the Spirit of God to shape an obedient and faithful human’s life). Hopefully, my two girls get to see two parents–their Mom and Dad–both personally and in the marriage what an engaged and lived out faith looks like. The activity of doing that follows the appropriately modeled environment are: one-on-one time with each child, telling stories from the Bible and wrestling through their implications, exposing them to the adult decisions and responsibilities of our lives (finances, chores, family involvement and such), praying with them, serving with them, helping them to see my wife and I’s priorities in life and guiding them in making priority-based decisions about activities and use of time, church involvement, encouraging and making room in our lives for time with other important adults in their lives who are mentoring them, etc.

This kind of idea makes the Shema in Deuteronomy 6:4-9 come to life, doesn’t it?

It allows for children to be discipled in a family environment while living normal, routine kind of lives, but with the transformative power of the gospel as dispensed through the Spirit of Christ operative through dependence on God, repentance for my own way of wanting my world to work for myself and the belief that God’s way as exemplified by Jesus is actually the way humanity was designed to work all along.

I haven’t received a response back yet…

Photo courtesy: Freeimages.com/Michael Mogensen

 

Dads Need to Wrestle With Their Sons… Everyday

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Dads Wrestle with Your Boys - Instagram

The longer I work with children and then watch them grow up into teenagers and young adults, I believe this to be true about boys:

They need to be able to wrestle with their dads. Everyday.

They need to be able to test their strength against their dads strength. They need to learn the rules of wrestling and what’s okay to do with your strength and what’s not okay. They need to know how to limit their strength when necessary and their dad can help with this. Boys can learn really good restraint in daily wrestling with their fathers! They need to have appropriate touch with their dad. They need to be able to be playful and silly with their dad.

It almost seems as though wrestling is built into boys and they need to see this activity as something appropriate in its right context.

Fathers can teach their sons a lot about life through wrestling!

How Important, Really, is Christianity?

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Christianitys importance - CS Lewis

Kenda Creasy Dean, in her book, “Almost Christian,” details what most of American religion seems to be centered around: Moralistic Therapeutic Deism. On page 43, Dean uses this quote from C. S. Lewis which seems to indicate that no faith or radical faith are more tenable than moderate faith. Fascinating thoughts on the current religious culture’s slide toward “nice” faith as opposed to “consequential” faith…

When the Holy Spirit Humiliated Me

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From my journal dated: June 1, 2014

Last Wednesday night, after small group, Alex Pena wanted to talk with me. He asked what I was thinking about Youth group next year… so I told him some of my current thoughts on how we’re thinking about restructuring how we’re running things. He seemed to be genuinely listening and intrigued by what I was telling him.

To be honest (and somewhat shamefully), while I have included Alex in my small group this past year and allowed him to be around at Youth (Alex is a young adult), I’ve kind of discounted him as a real leader…more of a glorified helper.

What he did next blew me away. He wanted to pray for me.

“Jeremy,” He said, “can I pray for you?”

Alex laid his hand on my shoulder and prayed a deep, meaningful, heartfelt prayer. I was proud of him. His prayer deeply ministered to my heart. He both encouraged my heart and, through the Holy Spirit’s words, convicted me of casually and often mentally dismissing this young man.

I was so humbled in that very moment and yet grateful for the humiliating event.

Thank you, Lord, for bringing Alex into my life currently and all those years ago when he was a little hellion in grade school and middle school. You are truly changing Alex’s heart as well as using him to minister to others: including me.

Photo courtesy: Freeimages.com/Jesper Noer